BIOLOGY FORM THREE TOPICAL EXAMINATIONS
TOPIC : 1  KINGDOM PLANTAE

TOPICAL EXAMINATIONS: CLASSIFICATION

NAME………………………………………..CLASS……………………………………………….

TIME: 21/2HRS

INSTRUCTIONS:-

  1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C
  2. Answer all questions
  3. All answers must be written in the spaces provided
  4. All writings should be in blue/black inks except for drawings that should be in pencils

SECTION A.

  1. Which of the following does not belong to kingdom plantae
  1. Bryophites
  2. Pteridophytes
  3. Basidiomycotes
  4. Angiospermaphytes
  1. Identify the wrong statement about monocots
  1. Have taproots
  2. Have paralle venation
  3. Floral parts are in three or multiple of three
  4. Lacks pith on the stem
  1. Which statement is true about dicots?
  1. Has one cotyledon
  2. Has cambium in stem and roots
  3. Floral parts are in four or six and their multiples
  4. Leaves are narrow and flat
  1. which of the following is not a distinguishing feature of pine?
  1. Needle like leaves
  2. Male and female parts on the same plant
  3. Lack flowers and fruits
  4. Their seeds are well covered
  1. which of the following is a disadvantage of conifers?
  1. Are source of timber
  2. Are source fungus in soil
  3. Add manure to the soil
  4. Extensive root system affect other plants
  1. which statement is true about monocot root and stem?
  1. Vascular bundles forms a star shape
  2. Have pericycle and cambium
  3. BOTH has pith
  4. In stem, the vascular bundle are scattered while in roots they form a ring.
  1. Which of the following is not a dicot?
  1. Banana
  2. Coffee
  3. Tea
  4. Eucalyptus
  1. Which of the following is not an advantage of angiosperms?
  1. They are source of food
  2. Some have medicinal values
  3. Acts as wind breakers
  4. Sources of timber.
  1. Which of the following is an characteristic of kingdom Plantae?
  1. Have chloroplast
  2. Have vascular bundles
  3. All members can photosynthesize
  4. They produce asexually
  1. In dicot root, the vascular bundles are arranged in such a way that;
  1. They form a ring
  2. They are scattered
  3. They form a star
  4. They appear random

2. MATCHING ITEM QUESTIONS.

LIST A

LIST B
  1. dominant species in bryophyte
  2. green pigment responsible for photosynthesis
  3. xylem and phloem
  4. one cotyledon
  5. two cotyledons
  6. roots used for support in monocots
  7. xylem and phloem alternate
  8. flower bearing plants
  9. cone bearing plants
  10. contain cambium
  1. Dicot root
  2. Dicot root and stem
  3. Monocotyledon
  4. Dicotyledon
  5. Vascular bundles
  6. Prop roots
  7. Adventitious roots
  8. Conipherophyta
  9. Angiospermophytes
  10. Monocot root
  11. Monocot stem
  12. Sporophyte
  13. Germatophyte
  14. Chlorophyll
  15. Chloroplast.

SECTION B.

3. Describe five distinctive features of kingdom plantae

4.a) Mention two members of division coniferophyta

b) State the distinctive features of conifers

5. a) Briefly explain how fertilization takes place in conifers

b) Outline the advantages and disadvantages of confers

6.Using well labeled diagrams, show the differences between monocots and dicots

7. Explain using diagrams the differences in the arrangement of vascular bundles in monocots and dicots

8. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of division angiospermophyta.

9. a) What is alternation of generation?

b) Explain how alternation of generation takes place in bryophytes.

10.Write an essay on economic importance of kingdom plantae

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TOPIC : 2  MOVEMENT AND LOCOMOTION

TOPICAL EXAMINATIONS:MOVEMENT AND LOCOMOTION

NAME………………………………………..CLASS……………………………………………………TIME: 21/2HRS

INSTRUCTIONS:-

  1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C
  2. Answer all questions
  3. All answers must be written in the spaces provided
  4. All writings should be in blue/black inks except for drawings that should be in pencils

1. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS.

  1. Which of the following holds bones together?
  1. Cartillage
  2. Bones
  3. Tendons
  4. Muscles
  1. Which of the following sets of mammalian body contains smooth muscles?
  1. Triceps,blood vessels, urinary bladder
  2. Intestines, triceps, and urinary bladder
  3. Intestines, triceps, and urinary bladder
  4. Intestines, blood vessels, and urinary bladder
  1. In humans,the neck region consists of;
  1. Thoracic vertebrae
  2. Lumbar vertebrae
  3. Cervical vertebrae
  4. Sacral vertebrae.

iv) Flexing of the forearmis brought about by

  1. Relaxation of the biceps, and contraction of the triceps
  2. Relaxation of the both biceps and triceps
  3. Contraction of both biceps and triceps
  4. Contraction of the biceps and relaxation of the triceps.

(v) The muscles of a limb which work in opposition to each other are known as;

  1. Opposition muscles
  2. Extensor muscles
  3. Antagonistic muscles
  4. Flexor muscles
  1. Joints are held together by;
  1. Ligaments
  2. Cartilage
  3. Tendon
  4. Muscles
  5. Bones
  1. True ribs are the first;
  1. 7 pairs
  2. 5 pairs
  3. 8 pairs
  4. 6 pairs
  5. 11 pairs
  1. The following are the main components of the bones
  1. calcium and vitamin D 
  2. calcium and magnessium
  3. Calcium and phosphorus 
  4. calcium and iron
  1. The following are the main components of the bones
  1. calcium and vitamin D 
  2. calcium and magnessium
  3. Calcium and phosphorus 
  4. calcium and iron
  1. Plant are said to be vascular if___________
  1. They contain phloem
  2. They contain xylem
  3. They contain xylem and phloem
  4. They contain xylem only
  5. They contain xylem and cambium only

2. Matching items questions.

LIST A

LIST B
  1. Triceps
  2. Humerus
  3. Exoskeleton
  4. Biceps
  5. Hydrostatic skeleton
  6. Ulna
  7. Endoskeleton
  8. Thigmotropism
  9. Nastic movement
  10. auxin
  1. extensor
  2. flexor
  3. the muscles are attached to it externally
  4. attached muscles lie inside it
  5. maintains the shape of the earthworm
  6. bone found in the lower arm
  7. bone found on upper arm
  8. one of bones found on the arm
  9. plant growth hormone
  10. stimulate growth of adventitious roots
  11. directional movement
  12. non-directional movement
  13. response towards touch
  14. response towards light

3.a) define the following terms;

  1. locomotion
  2. movement of curvature
  3. movement

b) mention thelocomotary structure of the following?

  1. amoeba
  2. paramecium
  3. trypanosome
  4. euglena.

4.(a) State four functions of skeleton in veterbrates

(b) Name the type of skeleton found in the following animals

  1. insects
  2. warthog
  3. arachnids

5.The diagram below shows a human hindlimp and some of its muscles.

  1. Name the bones marked X,Y,Z.
  2. Name the parts labelled A,B,C,D and E
  3. What are the functions of the parts
  4. What type of joint is this?
  5. Name two parts of the body where this joint is found
  6. What type of joint is found between femur and pelvis.

6. (a) distinguish between endoskeleton and exoskeleton?

(b) What are advantages of having exoskeleton to an organism?

c) State two features of joints that makes them reduce friction.

7. (a) What is the importance of the movement to an organism?

(b)Mention three requirements for locomotion to take place

8. (a) Briefly explain the features of the following veterbrae

  1. Thoracic
  2. Lumbar
  3. Sacral
  4. Caudal
  5. Cervical

(b) Briefly describe the role of ribcage in human body.

9. a) What are muscles?

(b) Differentiate between, skeletal muscles and smooth muscles

(c) Give the adaptations of the cardiac muscles

10. (a) Differentiate between tactic movement and nastic movement

(b) Explain the importance of the following trophic movements

  1. Thigmotropism
  2. Phototropism
  3. Chemotropism.
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TOPIC : 3  COORDINATION

TOPICAL EXAMINATIONS : COORDINATION

NAME………………………………………..CLASS……………………………………………………TIME: 21/2HRS

INSTRUCTIONS:-

  1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C
  2. Answer all questions
  3. All answers must be written in the spaces provided
  4. All writings should be in blue/black inks except for drawings that should be in pencils

SECTION A.

  1. Choose the correct answer and write it in the space provided
  1. The central nervous system consist of
  1. The brain and the spinal cord
  2. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves
  3. The spinal nerves
  4. The spinal cord and spinal nerves
  1. The part of the brain responsible for involuntary activities such as water balance and carbon dioxide levels in blood is
  1. Medulla oblongata
  2. Hypothalamus
  3. Cerebrum
  4. Cerebellum
  1. Which one of the following transmits sound waves from the outer ear to the inner ears
  1. Ear ossicles
  2. Eustachian tube
  3. Oval window
  4. Tympanum
  1. Which of the following statement gives the common cause of cretinism (feeble mindedness)
  1. Lack of balanced diet
  2. Lack of coordination between the nerves and endocrine system
  3. Poor functioning of the adrenal gland in childhood
  4. Poor functioning of the thyroid gland in childhood
  1. The function of the of the pituitary gland are to
  1. Regulate assimilation of carbohydrate
  2. Stimulate excretion
  3. Control the rate of metabolism
  4. Influence the activities of the endocrine glands
  1. An axon carries impulses
  1. Towards the cell body
  2. Across a synapse
  3. Away from the cell body
  4. To sensory organs
  1. Which of the following is a function of the suspensory ligament?
  1. To hold the lens of the eye in position
  2. To regulate the size of the pupil
  3. To protect the vitreous humour
  4. To minimize the light entering the eye
  1. Myopia (short-sightedness) is a condition
  1. Which can be corrected by using a concave lens in front of the eye
  2. Which can be corrected b using a convex lens in front of the eye
  3. Cause by irregular shaped cornea
  4. Cause by light rays converging behind the retina
  1. Which of the following hormones controls reabsorption of water from the kidney tubules when the amount of water in the blood is below normal?
  1. Adrenaline
  2. Anti-diuretic hormone
  3. Acetylcholine
  4. Oxytocin

x) It is the main agent behind heart attack

  1. Old age
  2. Too much physical activity
  3. Cholesterol
  4. Obesity

2. Match the words on the left hand column with the correct statement on the right hand column.

COLUMN A.

COLUMN B.
  1. Reflex arc
  2. Tropism
  3. Irritability
  4. Stimulus
  5. Reflex action
  6. Taxis
  1. A form of energy or chemical substance capable of being preserved by an organism
  2. A neutral arrangement with sensory, intermediate and motor neurons
  3. A directional growth movement of plant parts due to unequal growth resulting from unequal stimulation
  4. An automatic nervous response mediated through receptor on to the effectors.
  5. A directional movement of a whole organism in response to an external unilateral stimulus
  6. Ability to respond to external stimuli.

SECTION B.

3. Arrange the following components of the reflex arc in a correct order

  1. Intermediate Neurone
  2. Motor neurone
  3. Receptor
  4. Sensory neurone
  5. Effector

4. State the hormone which is being produced in excess in the following conditions

  1. Elevated basal metabolic rate (BMR)
  2. Gigantism
  3. Low blood sugar levels
  4. In reabsorption of Na+ in loop of henle
  5. In contraction of uterus

5. Draw internal structure of the eye and label the following: Retina, ciliary body, lens, iris and optic nerve.

6. State the function of the following parts of the ear

  1. Tympanic membrane
  2. Eustachian tube
  3. Ear ossicles
  4. Auditory
  5. Organ of corti

7. (a) Draw the cross-section part of the skin and lable all parts correctly

(b) Give brief explanation not more than three line in each of the following:

  1. How the skin is the excretion surface?
  2. How the skin is used in regulation?
  3. Justify why the skin is a sense organ?

SECTION C

Answer only one question 

8. Global warming is now becoming a threat to the biodiversity. Discuss five ways through which man can use/apply/avoid to alleviate the problem of global warming and hence to protect biodiversity.

9. (i) Draw well and label correctly mammalian brain and part of spinal cord. (more credit for neat and nice diagram)

(ii) Give four parts of the brain and state their function.

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TOPIC : 4  EXCRETION

BIOLOGY FORM THREE TOPICAL EXAMINATION

EXCRETION

NAME: ____________________ CLASS: __________ TIME: 2½ HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS

  1. This paper consists of Sections A, B and C.
  2. Answer all questions.
  3. Write answers in the spaces provided on your answer sheet.
  4. Use blue or black ink, except for drawings, which should be done in pencil.

SECTION A

1. Choose the correct answer for each of the following items.

(a) Which of the following hormones controls reabsorption of water from the kidney tubules when the amount of water in the blood is below normal?

  1. Adrenaline
  2. Anti-diuretic hormone
  3. Acetylcholine
  4. Oxytocin

(b) An example of sedative is

  1. Opium
  2. Heroine
  3. Mandrax
  4. Morphine

(c) By which process does Carbondioxide pass from the blood to alveoli of the lungs;

  1. Osmosis
  2. Oxidation
  3. Transpiration
  4. Diffusion
  5. Respiration

(d) In which category Malpighian layer of mammalian skin is placed?

  1. Tissue
  2. Organ
  3. Cell
  4. System
  5. Organism

(e) A group of animals that maintain the body temperature at more or less constant is;

  1. Regulators
  2. Cold blood animals
  3. Warm blood animals
  4. Poikilotherm
  5. Homoeotherms

(f) Which of the following is not an excretory product in plants;

  1. Tannis
  2. Carbondioxide
  3. Urea
  4. Calcium oxalate
  5. Latex

(g) In which of the following are the largest amounts of nitrogen excreted from the mammalian body

  1. Faeces
  2. Sweat
  3. Urine
  4. Carbon dioxide

(h) The breakdown of glycogen into glucose in the body is due to the action of :

  1. Glucagon
  2. Insulin
  3. Adrenaline
  4. Ant-diuretic hormone

(i) A rise in the body temperature of human body is corrected by

  1. Constriction of the skin arteries and sweating
  2. Constriction of the skin arteries and shivering
  3. Dilation of the skin arteries and sweating
  4. Dilation of the skin arteries and shivering

(j) Which of the following is the most important basic difference between plants and animals;

  1. Growth
  2. Locomotion
  3. Nutrition
  4. Irritability
  5. Excretion

2. Match the items in List A with the correct responses in List B.

List AList B
  1. Breakdown of amino acid
  2. Hormone that regulates salt in kidney
  3. Absorption of water occurs here
  4. Functional unit of kidney
  5. The process by which urine is formed
  6. Plant waste product used to make malaria drugs
  7. Controls the level of sugar in blood
  8. Behavioural pattern where organisms go into deep sleep
  9. Hormone that regulates amount of water in body
  10. Diabetes characterized by sweet urine
  1. Vasopressin
  2. Relaxin
  3. Cortex
  4. Nephron
  5. Glucagon
  6. Insulin
  7. Morphine
  8. Quinine
  9. Distal convoluted tubule
  10. Proximal convoluted tubule
  11. Loop of Henle
  12. Deamination
  13. Aldosterone
  14. Aestivation
  15. Diabetes insipidus
  16. Diabetes mellitus

SECTION B

3.

(a) Draw a cross-section of the skin and label all parts correctly.

(b) Give a brief explanation, not more than three lines, for each of the following:

  1. How is the skin an excretory surface?
  2. How is the skin used in regulation?
  3. Justify why the skin is a sense organ.

4. Define the following terms:

  1. Homeostasis
  2. Osmoregulation

5. Animal A with a body temperature of 36°C and animal B with a body temperature of 30°C were put into a refrigerator set at 10°C for about 15 minutes. When the temperatures of animals A and B were taken again after 15 minutes, the temperature of animal A was approximately the same, but the temperature of animal B was 10°C.

(a) Give the biological terms used to describe animals A and B with respect to temperature control.

(b) Briefly explain how mammals overcome overheating.

6.

(a) Describe the following terms:

  1. Hypoglycaemia
  2. Hyperglycaemia
  3. Polyuria
  4. Deamination

(b) Distinguish between diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.

7. Describe the behavioural and physiological mechanisms of temperature regulation in mammals.

8.

(a) What is meant by the following terms?

  1. Homeostasis
  2. Positive feedback mechanism
  3. Negative feedback mechanism

(b) Name four organs in the mammalian body involved in regulation.

SECTION C

9. Urea, ammonia and uric acid are all excretory products. Which of these substances:

  1. Requires the least water to eliminate?
  2. Requires the most water to eliminate?
  3. Is the major excretory product in each of the following organisms?
  1. Birds
  2. Amoeba
  3. Insects
  4. Humans

10. The following are the main waste products excreted in humans: carbon dioxide, water and urea.

(a)

  1. Name the major organs through which each is excreted.
  2. Name the organs where each is produced.

(b) Name two substances that the body would be deficient in after sweating.

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TOPIC : 5  REGULATION

BIOLOGY FORM THREE TOPICAL EXAMINATION

REGULATION

TIME: 2½ HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS

  1. This paper consists of Sections A, B and C.
  2. Answer all questions.
  3. Write all answers in your answer booklet.
  4. Use blue or black ink, except for drawings, which should be done in pencil.

SECTION A

1. Choose the correct answer for each of the following items.

(a) Which of the following hormones controls reabsorption of water from the kidney tubules when the amount of water in the blood is below normal?

  1. Adrenaline
  2. Anti-diuretic hormone
  3. Acetylcholine
  4. Oxytocin

(b) An example of a sedative is:

  1. Opium
  2. Heroin
  3. Mandrax
  4. Morphine

(c) By which process does carbon dioxide pass from the blood into the alveoli of the lungs?

  1. Osmosis
  2. Oxidation
  3. Transpiration
  4. Diffusion
  5. Respiration

(d) In which category is the Malpighian layer of mammalian skin placed?

  1. Tissue
  2. Organ
  3. Cell
  4. System
  5. Organism

(e) A group of animals that maintain their body temperature at a more or less constant level are called:

  1. Regulators
  2. Cold-blooded animals
  3. Warm-blooded animals
  4. Poikilotherms
  5. Homeotherms

(f) Which of the following is not usually considered an excretory product in plants?

  1. Tannins
  2. Carbon dioxide
  3. Urea
  4. Calcium oxalate
  5. Latex

(g) Through which of the following are the largest amounts of nitrogen excreted from the mammalian body?

  1. Faeces
  2. Sweat
  3. Urine
  4. Carbon dioxide

(h) The breakdown of glycogen into glucose in the body is due to the action of:

  1. Glucagon
  2. Insulin
  3. Adrenaline
  4. Anti-diuretic hormone

(i) A rise in human body temperature is corrected by:

  1. Constriction of the skin arteries and sweating
  2. Constriction of the skin arteries and shivering
  3. Dilation of the skin arteries and sweating
  4. Dilation of the skin arteries and shivering

(j) Which of the following is the most important basic difference between plants and animals?

  1. Growth
  2. Locomotion
  3. Nutrition
  4. Irritability
  5. Excretion

2. Match the items in List A with the correct responses in List B.

List A List B
  1. Breakdown of amino acids
  2. Hormone that regulates salt balance in the kidneys
  3. A site where water is reabsorbed
  4. Functional unit of the kidney
  5. The process by which urine is formed
  6. Plant waste product used to make antimalarial drugs
  7. Controls the level of sugar in blood
  8. A behavioural pattern in which an organism enters a state of dormancy during hot or dry conditions
  9. Hormone that regulates the amount of water in the body
  10. Diabetes characterised by sweet urine
  1. Vasopressin
  2. Relaxin
  3. Cortex
  4. Nephron
  5. Glucagon
  6. Insulin
  7. Morphine
  8. Quinine
  9. Distal convoluted tubule
  10. Proximal convoluted tubule
  11. Loop of Henle
  12. Deamination
  13. Aldosterone
  14. Aestivation
  15. Diabetes insipidus
  16. Diabetes mellitus

SECTION B

3. (a) Draw a cross-section of mammalian skin and label its parts correctly.

(b) Briefly explain each of the following in not more than three lines:

  1. How does the skin act as an excretory surface?
  2. How does the skin help in regulation?
  3. Why is the skin considered a sense organ?

4. Define the following terms:

  1. Homeostasis
  2. Osmoregulation

5. Animal A with a body temperature of 36°C and animal B with a body temperature of 30°C were placed in a refrigerator at 10°C for about 15 minutes. After 15 minutes, animal A maintained approximately the same body temperature, whereas animal B had a body temperature of 10°C.

(a) Give the biological terms used to describe animals A and B with respect to temperature regulation.

(b) Briefly explain how mammals overcome overheating.

6. (a) Describe the following terms:

  1. Hypoglycaemia
  2. Hyperglycaemia
  3. Polyuria
  4. Deamination

(b) Distinguish between diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.

7. Describe the behavioural and physiological mechanisms of temperature regulation in mammals.

8. (a) Explain the meaning of the following terms:

  1. Homeostasis
  2. Positive feedback mechanism
  3. Negative feedback mechanism

(b) Name four organs of the mammalian body involved in regulation.

SECTION C

9. Urea, ammonia and uric acid are all excretory products. Which of these substances:

  1. Requires the least water to eliminate?
  2. Requires the most water to eliminate?
  3. Is the major nitrogenous excretory product in each of the following organisms?
  1. Birds
  2. Amoeba
  3. Insects
  4. Humans

10. The following are major waste products excreted in humans: carbon dioxide, water and urea.

(a) For each waste product:

  1. Name the major organ or organs through which it is excreted.
  2. Name the organ or organs where it is produced.

(b) Name two substances that the body loses through sweating.

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TOPIC : 6  REPRODUCTION

BIOLOGY FORM THREE TOPICAL EXAMINATION

REPRODUCTION

TIME: 2½ HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS

  1. This paper consists of Sections A, B and C.
  2. Answer all questions.
  3. Write all answers in your answer booklet.
  4. Use blue or black ink, except for drawings, which should be done in pencil.

SECTION A

1. Choose the correct answer for each of the following items.

(a) One of the following is not part of the reproduction system of a female mammals;

  1. Uterus
  2. Urethra
  3. Oviduct
  4. Vagina
  5. Ovary

(b) The process whereby embryo attach itself to the wall of the uterine is called

  1. Implantation
  2. Copulation
  3. Fertilization
  4. Reproduction

(c) The immediate result of fertilization in a flowering plant is the formation of

  1. zygote
  2. seed
  3. endosperm
  4. Embryo

(d) Fertilization process is defined as

  1. Formation of new cells
  2. Implantation of a zygote
  3. Cell division in the oviduct
  4. Union of an egg and sperm
  5. Fusion of egg in the uterus.

(e) The menstrual cycle is controlled by the interaction of hormones produced by the:

  1. uterus and ovaries
  2. vagina and cervix
  3. fallopian tubes and follicles
  4. pituitary gland and ovaries

(f) Vegetative propagation is:

  1. the formation of a new plant from seeds
  2. a method of producing vegetables
  3. a form of sexual reproduction
  4. the formation of a new plant from part of an already existing plant

(g) Which of the following is characteristic of sexual reproduction in flowering plants?

  1. no fertilization
  2. single fertilization
  3. double fertilization
  4. triple fertilization

(h) Animals which have the organs of both sexes are correctly known as:

  1. Bisexual
  2. Parthenogenic
  3. Bigamous
  4. Hermaphrodite

2. Match the items in List A with the correct responses in List B.

List AList B
  1. The fusion of male and female gametes
  2. The release of an egg from the ovary
  3. Withdrawal of the penis before ejaculation
  4. A means of reproduction by outgrowth
  5. The structure where sperm cells are stored
  6. The male reproductive cell in mammals
  7. The reproductive structure of onions
  8. Pregnancy occurring in the oviduct
  9. Male sterilization
  10. Formation of ova
  1. Spermatogenesis
  2. Gametogenesis
  3. Tubal ligation
  4. Vasectomy
  5. Budding
  6. Binary fission
  7. Epididymis
  8. Vas deferens
  9. Suckers
  10. Bulbis
  11. Bulbs
  12. Ectopic pregnancy
  13. Ovulation
  14. Fertilization
  15. Sperm cell
  16. Ova
  17. Oogenesis
  18. Withdrawal method

SECTION B

3. (a) Define the following terms as used in reproduction:

  1. Fertilization
  2. Ovulation

(b) Name and explain how two types of twins occur.

4. (a) Name the parts labelled A–I in the diagram below.

(b) State one function for each of the parts labelled D, H, I and F.

(c) Draw a longitudinal section of a flower and label the structures that:

  1. Perform similar functions to structures F and G in the diagram above
  2. Help in pollination
  3. Receive pollen grains
  4. Contain ovules
  5. Protect the flower during the bud stage

5. Copy and complete the table below by stating the source and one basic function of each hormone.

HormoneSourceFunction
Progesterone
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone
Oxytocin
Oestrogen

6. Differentiate the following pairs of biological terms:

  1. Spermatogenesis and oogenesis
  2. Stillbirth and breech birth
  3. Ectopic pregnancy and abortion
  4. Fertilization and implantation
  5. Fraternal twins and identical twins

7. (a) What is artificial insemination?

(b) Give three advantages of artificial insemination.

8. (a) Draw a well-labelled diagram of the structure of an ovum.

(b) State the function of each of the following parts of the male reproductive system:

  1. Seminiferous tubule
  2. Epididymis
  3. Vas deferens
  4. Seminal vesicles

SECTION C

9. (a) Distinguish between sexual and unisexual reproduction. Give four points.

(b) Explain the significance of meiosis in reproduction.

(c) List four factors that may affect the onset and duration of the menstrual cycle in humans.

10. (a) Briefly explain the following terms:

  1. Incest
  2. Homosexuality
  3. Prostitution
  4. Masturbation

(b) Outline sociocultural practices that affect maternal and child care in families and communities.

(c) Give differences between identical and fraternal twins.

11. Carefully observe the diagram below showing a developing foetus.

(a) Name the structures labelled A–G.

(b) Name the two types of blood vessels that pass through structure B.

(c) State two main substances carried in the blood of each vessel passing through structure B.

(d) State three functions of structure B.

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